Szukając następcy Lou Gerstnera
Kandydaci spoza firmy zazwyczaj okazują się takimi samymi przeciętniakami jak ci z jej wnętrza, choć na interview prezentują się znakomicie.

Na
akademiach biznesu i kursach zarządzania przekonywano mnie, że aby być dobrym
managerem, niepotrzebna jest wiedza specjalistyczna z danej dziedziny, a
niezbędne są cechy przywódcze oraz wiedza ogólna z zarządzania, którą zdobywa
się w praktyce, na uniwersytetach oraz programach typu MBA. Klasycznym
przykładem przytaczanym na potwierdzenie tej tezy jest kariera legendarnego CEO
IBM-u – Louisa Gerstnera. Po latach pracy i sukcesów w McKinsey, American
Express i Nabisco (największy w USA producent konfekcji cukierniczej) został on
w 1993 r. szefem Big Blue i przeprowadził go przez proces zmian (nazywany z
angielska tourn around) w taki sposób, że do dziś wzbudza to podziw i zazdrość
innych. Bazując na przykładzie Lou Gerstnera oraz na radach mądrych profesorów
od biznesu, obecnie także w sytuacji kryzysu czy problemów właściciele i rady
nadzorcze firm szukają zbawców w kręgach posiadaczy tytułów MBA najlepszych
światowych szkół biznesu. Specjaliści z branży, nie mówiąc już o kandydatach z
wnętrza firmy, nie cieszą się raczej ich zaufaniem.
Niedawno
Rada Nadzorcza naszego flagowego przewoźnika zwolniła ze stanowiska prezesa
Marcina Piroga, takiego „polskiego Lou Gerstnera”, który po karierze m.in. w
Wedlu i Carlsbergu miał stać się zbawcą polskiego lotnictwa pasażerskiego. I
choć jeszcze trzy tygodnie przed swoim odwołaniem przyjmował gratulacje na tle
pierwszego w barwach LOT-u samolotu XXI wieku, to musiał odejść w niesławie
(wywołanej głównie komunikatem Rady Nadzorczej), a firma skierowała prośbę do
rządu RP o pomoc publiczną w wysokości 1 mld zł. Pewnie wszyscy czytelnicy CRN
pomyślą, że LOT nie ma nic wspólnego z firmami IT. Wszak to firma specyficzna,
monopolista o politycznych konotacjach, z silnymi związkami zawodowymi, trudną
ekonomiczną przeszłością, zgotowaną jej przez światowy kryzys w branży oraz
przez poprzednie rządy, zarządy i polityków próbujących przy okazji
przekształceń w Locie ukręcić trochę swoich lodów. Ale czy ktoś, kto miał dość
blade pojęcie o flocie, siatce połączeń, systemach pracy załóg latających,
współpracy z władzą polityczną, miał szanse na sukces? Może, ale musiałby być
osobowością na miarę Gerstnera. A tacy managerowie nie rodzą się na kamieniu, o
czym przekonują się firmy potężniejsze niż LOT i nawet z naszej branży, jak
choćby HP, niemogące dojść do siebie od czasu rządów Carly Fioriny.
Każdy ma
prawo do błędów. Każdy właściciel i rada nadzorcza może mianować takich
członków zarządu, jakich sobie wybierze. Mogą kierować się dowolną strategią
wyboru, mogą szukać drugiego, trzeciego i kolejnego Lou Gerstnera. Pozostaje
pytanie, czy to skuteczne. W moim przekonaniu – nie. W swoim życiu managerskim
też miałem takie epizody i ciągoty, aby szukać dla moich firm managerów daleko
od branży. Zawsze to zawodziło. Geniusze są, ale są rzadkością. Kandydaci spoza
firmy zazwyczaj okazują się takimi samymi przeciętniakami jak ci z jej wnętrza,
choć na interview prezentują się znakomicie. Przewagę mniej znani kandydaci
zawdzięczają nam, dokonującym wyboru. Kandydatów z wnętrza firmy znamy siłą
rzeczy lepiej, też od strony ich słabości i deficytów. Kandydatów zewnętrznych
postrzegamy inaczej. Do ich cech negatywnych musimy się dopiero doskrobać w
procesie rekrutacji. Nie jest to łatwe, gdyż wszyscy uczestnicy procesu (poza
decydentem) dbają o to, aby prezentowany kandydat miał jak najlepszą prezencję.
Poza tym jakże często w procesie rekrutacji niedoskonałości kandydata (np.
nieznajomość branży) są obracane na jego korzyść za sprawą argumentów typu: „będzie
świeży, bez rutynowego podejścia, kreatywny, nieskrępowany obowiązującymi
konwencjami, układami” etc. etc. I co? I nic. Typ „Lou Gerstner” trafia się raz
na sto lat, więc czy warto się łudzić? Ktoś grający w totolotka zna najlepiej
odpowiedź na to pytanie.
Autor
pełni funkcję dyrektora handlowego i partnera w spółce ComCERT.
Podobne wywiady i felietony
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Bez żółtych pasków
Wojna cybernetyczna stała się faktem, a Polska znajduje się na pierwszej linii frontu. Na szczęście, póki co, dość skutecznie odpiera wrogie ataki.
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Zapewniamy dostęp do tkanki miasta
„Rozbudowujemy własną sieć światłowodową na terenie całego miasta. Nie można sprawnie zarządzać infrastrukturą drogową, nie mając odpowiedniego medium transmisyjnego, które umożliwia dotarcie do wszystkich elementów systemu sterowania ruchem” – mówi Krzysztof Książek, kierownik Działu Informatyki w Zarządzie Dróg Miasta Krakowa (ZDMK).
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Absurdalizm centralistyczny
Łatwo jest być kopistą, a trudno odkrywcą. Do tego drugiego brakuje u nas i kultury, i systemu, i wartości, i w końcu tradycji. Niech świadczą o tym statystyki dotyczące polskich startupów.