Podatkowe uderzenie w spółki tylko z polskim kapitałem
Zmiany podatkowe, które chce wprowadzić Ministerstwo Finansów, uderzą w małe polskie firmy - twierdzi ekspert.

Wspólnicy spółek komandytowych i niektórych jawnych od nowego roku zapłacą podwójny podatek – według projektu.
Ministerstwo Finansów chce, był spółki komandytowe płaciły CIT – według projektu zmian w ustawie o podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych. Oznacza to obciążenie daniną zarówno spółki, jak i wspólników – przy wypłacie zysków. Stawki mają być takie same jak dla innych spółek (19 proc. CIT lub 9 proc. dla tzw. małych podatników – nowy limit obrotów to 2 mln euro rocznie).
Wspólnicy zostaną obciążeni dodatkowo 19 proc. PIT, z tym że komplementariusze będą mogli odliczyć część CIT od podatku dochodowego. Komandytariusze nie będą mieli takiej możliwości.
CIT obciąży także niektóre spółki jawne. Zmiany mają wejść w życie od 1 stycznia 2021 r. Nowelizacja według fiskusa powinna uszczelnić system podatkowy.
Ekspert: polskie firmy mają gorzej
Zmiany podatkowe, które chce wprowadzić Ministerstwo Finansów, uderzą w małe polskie firmy – twierdzi ekspert. W korzystniejszej sytuacji będą te spółki, które mają zagranicznych akcjonariuszy.
„Analizując najnowszy projekt ustawy, przedstawiony przez Ministerstwo Finansów, nie sposób nie odnieść wrażenia, że pod nośnym hasłem walki z agresywną optymalizacją podatkową kryje się wyłącznie cel fiskalny” – mówi w rozmowie z MarketNews24 Anna Turska, doradca podatkowy, wiceprezes zarządu w Kancelarii Ożóg Tomczykowski. – „Zmiany mogą spowodować, że polscy przedsiębiorcy prowadzący firmy rodzinne będą płacić podatek dwukrotnie, natomiast zagraniczni udziałowcy polskich spółek komandytowych podatek zapłacą jeden raz, tak jak dotychczas”.
Projekt Ministerstwa Finansów zakłada zmiany w opodatkowaniu spółek komandytowych oraz tych spółek jawnych, których wspólnikami nie są wyłącznie osoby fizyczne, gdy spółka nie poinformuje organów podatkowych o podatnikach uprawnionych (pośrednio lub bezpośrednio) do udziału w jej zysku.
W praktyce doprowadzi do podwójnego opodatkowania spółek komandytowych oraz wybranych spółek jawnych, na poziomie samej spółki, jak i wspólników – przy dystrybucji zysków.
„Przykłady, które Ministerstwo Finansów przytacza w uzasadnieniu do ustawy są archaiczne, nie są aktualne, pominięto zmiany przepisów, które wprowadzono w ostatnich 10 latach” – komentuje Anna Turska – „Wprowadzenie dodatkowych obowiązków administracyjnych oraz dodatkowego podatku w roku pandemii i lockdownu, gdy spadają przychody przedsiębiorców, jest pomysłem nie do zaakceptowania”.
Według resortu kolejna danina ma być narzędziem w walce z wykorzystywaniem wymienionych typów spółek do optymalizacji podatkowej i transferu środków do rajów podatkowych.
Obecnie projekt jest w konsultacjach.
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Polski Ład jak nowy. Będą zmiany w CIT
Rząd wycofuje się z niektórych przepisów dotyczących CIT wprowadzonych Polskim Ładem.