Ministerstwo ostrzega przed karuzelami VAT
Resort upomina przedsiębiorców, by nie dali się wciągnąć w karuzele VAT. Podaje przykłady transakcji, które mogą świadczyć o oszustwie. Wśród nich jest sprzedaż komputerów i usługi internetowe.

Kampania informacyjna jest prowadzona w ramach akcji „Nie daj się nabić w słupa”. Według resortu o oszustwie mogą świadczyć takie sygnały jak krótki czas między transakcjami i duży wzrost ceny towarów w obrocie między kolejnymi kontrahentami. Czujność powinny wzbudzić także propozycje błyskawicznych, zyskownych transakcji. Ministerstwo jako negatywny przykład podaje historię właściciela sklepu komputerowego, któremu zaproponowano sprowadzenie 2 tys. tabletów i laptopów. Na sprzęt był już nabywca, więc towar pojechał bezpośrednio do niego, a reseller tylko wystawił fakturę. Okazało się, że został wciągnięty na karuzelę VAT i odpowiadał za udział w przestępstwie.
Według ministerstwa szybkie transakcje, w ciągu 1-2 dni, podczas których przedsiębiorca nawet nie widzi towaru, którym obraca, są typowe dla oszustw. Przypomina także, że przestępcy wykorzystują tzw. słupy. Wystawiane są fikcyjne faktury. Jako przykład tego rodzaju przestępstw przypomniano skazanie w ub.r. 47 osób w Olsztynie – pełnili oni rolę słupów w procederze wyłudzeń VAT-u za usługi internetowe i telekomunikacyjne. Grupa wyłudziła 49 mln zł, wystawiając ok. 15 tys. fikcyjnych faktur. Ministerstwo przypomina przedsiębiorcom, że za takie oszustwa grozi do 8 lat pozbawienia wolności oraz do 16 mln zł kary finansowej.
Towarem, którym obraca się najczęściej na karuzelach, są drogie, chodliwe na rynku produkty o niewielkich gabarytach. Resort ostrzega, że najbardziej narażone branże to paliwa i elektronika, a za nadużyciami w obrocie tym asortymentem stoją zorganizowane grupy przestępcze. W 2014 r. sumę wyłudzeń VAT-u oszacowano na 9 mld zł, tj. 2 razy więcej niż w 2013 r.
W ub.r. Ministerstwo Finansów wystosowało list ostrzegawczy do przedsiębiorców z branży elektronicznej, w którym podaje cechy transakcji, mogących świadczyć o oszustwie.
Suma wyłudzeń VAT-u na telefonach komórkowych, według ubiegłorocznego raportu kancelarii prawnej DLA Piper dla ZIPSEE, w 2013 r. mogła wynieść 1,8 mld zł. Ze względu na skalę oszustw przygotowywana jest nowelizacja ustawy o VAT, która wprowadzi tzw. odwrotne obciążenie (VAT rozlicza z fiskusem nabywca towaru) w handlu telefonami komórkowymi, laptopami, tabletami i konsolami do gier. Nowa regulacja ma wejść w życie 1 lipca br. W opinii prawników uniemożliwi wyłudzenia karuzelowe w obrocie tymi towarami.
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