Nowe zasady kontroli podatkowej
W styczniu 2017 r. wejdą w życie zmiany dla małych i średnich firm.

Od nowego roku małe i średnie przedsiębiorstwa (liczące od 10 do 250 pracowników) będą miały obowiązek przekazywania w formie elektronicznej informacji o ewidencji VAT poprzez Jednolity Plik Kontrolny (JPK). Zmiana dotyczy ok. 140 tys. podmiotów. Od 1 lipca br. ta reguła objęła duże firmy. JPK to zbiór danych generowanych z systemów informatycznych firmy, dotyczących operacji za dany okres. Dane muszą być przekazane skarbówce drogą elektroniczną, czyli przez Internet lub na CD, pendrivie.
– Teoretycznie podatnik wysyła specjalny plik stworzony z użyciem oprogramowania zapewnionego przez Ministerstwo Finansów, poprzez specjalną bramkę internetową. W praktyce jednak ta bramka często nie chce akceptować plików generowanych przez podatników – twierdzi Agnieszka Wasilewska z Independent Tax Advisers Doradztwo Podatkowe.
W zakres JPK wchodzi siedem struktur. Są to księgi rachunkowe, podatkowa księga przychodów i rozchodów, ewidencja przychodów, ewidencje zakupu i sprzedaży VAT, faktury VAT, wyciągi bankowe oraz dokumenty związane z obrotem magazynowym. Od 1 stycznia 2017 r. małe i średnie firmy mają obowiązek dostarczać w formie JPK tylko rejestry VAT. Mikroprzedsiębiorstwa (do 9 pracowników) nowy obowiązek obejmie od 1 stycznia 2018 r.
Według ekspertki mniejszym firmom może być łatwiej dostosować się do zmian. Od czerwca br. mogą one przygotowywać się do nowych obowiązków poprzez wprowadzenie w plikach 10-znakowego jedynkowego kodu NIP.
– Wątpliwe natomiast jest to, czy ten proces będzie bezproblemowy, bo wdrożenie JPK wymaga często sporych zmian w programie księgowym. W związku z tym problemów przeważnie jest mnóstwo – podkreśla ekspertka. Koszty w dużej mierze będą zależeć od rodzaju oprogramowania, z jakiego korzysta firma, i warunków ustalonych z jego dostawcą. Będzie on musiał wdrożyć nowe funkcje. Według szacunku Sage z początku br., w zależności od wielkości przedsiębiorstwa w sektorze MŚP, przygotowanie firmy do JPK może kosztować od 1 tys. do 10 tys. zł.
Jak zauważa Wasilewska, sposób wprowadzenia JPK, z bardzo krótkim vacatio legis, był dla podatników niespodziewany. Niezbyt przyjazny dla firm we wdrożenia nowego obowiązku był również resort finansów. Eksperci PwC zwracają uwagę na to, że ministerstwo bardzo późno udostępniło na swoich stronach internetowych aplikację do składania JPK. Dopiero w marcu resort opublikował wymogi w stosunku do struktur JPK.
Trzeba natomiast pamiętać, że za błędy w JPK grozi odpowiedzialność karno-skarbowa, podobnie jak za brak możliwości wygenerowania pliku dla skarbówki – od mandatów w wysokości 2,8 tys. zł po ok. 17 mln zł.
JPK ma uszczelnić system podatkowy. Według szacunku resortu finansów dzięki nowemu systemowi wpływu z podatków w 2017 r. wzrosną o ok. 300 mln zł.
Źródło: Newseria
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Wejdzie nowa struktura JPK_VAT
Zmiany zaczną obowiązywać od 1 stycznia 2022 r. Ministerstwo udostępniło roboczą wersję nowej struktury.
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Nowy JPK przełożony. Firmy odetchnęły
Nowy JPK_VAT wejdzie w życie 1 lipca br. Zmian związanych z epidemią jest więcej - informuje Ministerstwo Finansów.